The utility of polyphosphates as builders in soaps and detergents is based on a number of their properties.

Polyphosphates soften water through sequestration to permit full use of surface-active agents.

Further, the complex phosphates act to disperse and keep solid particles, greases, soils and oils in suspension in the wash water. This peptizing action prevents the re-deposition of soil on the articles being cleaned. Polyphosphates also act as buffers and contribute to the alkalinity of the cleaning system.

Orthophosphates (TSP, TKP) also provide alkalinity to cleaning products. Phosphates and polyphosphates are not only used in household cleaning products, but also appear in water conditioners (including bath beads), machine dishwash detergents, hard-surface cleaners, general purpose cleaners (both liquids and powders), rug and upholstery cleaners and dry bleaches.

In all of these applications, the sequestration, dispersion, suspension, buffering and alkaline properties of the phosphates enhance performance improvement.